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Cocaine paste
Cocaine paste, also known as coca paste, paco, pasta base or basuco in South America, short for pasta de cocaína (''cocaine paste'') or pasta base de cocaína (PBC, cocaine base paste), is a collective name given to several different cocaine products. Cocaine paste includes crude intermediate stages of the cocaine preparation process and their freebase forms as well as "crack cocaine" prepared from pure cocaine hydrochloride.
Crude Cocaine was first precipitated by Peruvian pharmacist Alfredo Bignon in 1885. He presented his findings at the Academia Libre de Medicina de Lima, where a distinguished panel of Peruvian doctors and chemists judged his innovation in a ten-page official report. Using simple precipitation methods and local ingredients — fresh-grown Andean coca leaf, kerosene, soda ash — he was able to produce a chemically active "crude" cocaine in "an easy and economic preparation in the same place as coca cultivation" at home in Peru.
==Preparation and effects==
Crude cocaine preparation intermediates are marketed as cheaper alternatives to pure cocaine to local markets while the more expensive end product is exported to US and European markets. Freebase cocaine paste preparations can be smoked. The psychological and physiological effects of the ''paco'' are quite severe. Media usually report that it is extremely toxic and addictive.〔 〕 According to a study by Intercambios, media appear to exaggerate the effects of ''paco''. These stereotypes create a sense that nothing can be done to help a ''paco'' addict and thus stands in the way of rehabilitation programs.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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